Tuesday, May 2, 2017

Outside of My Comfort Zone: Blogging Was a Great Experience!


One of the most important things to remember about creating an inclusive classroom environment is just that: it has to be created.  A classroom will not simply become that way on it’s own, without lots of attention and work. The teacher plays a continuously active role in making sure that every student is included.  It’s a cycle of presenting information with built in accommodations, checking understanding and evaluating how to build on or improve that understanding.  As students grow and change, so will their needs, and the teacher has to always be identifying those needs and meeting them.  There’s so much that can be learned from students work and interaction and it should be carefully noted and used to inform instruction. 

After reading and exploring a variety of online resources, I think many of the practices that are designed for an inclusive classroom, are just overall good teaching practices.  Every classroom is an inclusive classroom, because every group of students will have a diverse range of needs that require specific attention.  I think one of the biggest mistakes we can make as teachers is assuming that a child is doing ok, that they don’t have any needs, or that they are not unique from every other student in the class.  It’s one thing to recognize that this is true, but it’s another (and more important) thing to address this in instruction and assessment. 

Learning difficulties and differences can only be noticed and documented through assessment, but assessment also typically proves to be more difficult for this children.  It’s not the children that are the issue, it’s the assessment.  Taking that viewpoint could dramatically change how we inform instruction.  I think there is a lot more research that can be done to find ways to authentically assess students based on their strengths and weaknesses.   I think there are ways to scaffold assessment to build students up to success.

The most important thing that I have gained from this blog is a new perspective of the resources that are available to me as a future educator.  It’s given me confidence to ask questions and develop this perspective almost completely on my own.  It’s reminded me how important it is for educators to continue to explore, ask questions and write as a means of professional development.  There is always more work to be done to better meet the needs of the students in our classrooms.

It reminds me of when I was first learning an instrument.  My music teacher taught me a really important lesson: If you only practice the parts of the song that you are good at, you will never get any better.  Of course, it was more fun to play the parts I was good at, over and over and over and I always got a positive response from whoever was listening.  However, I wasn’t getting any better.  At the end of that practice, I was still good at the same parts and I hadn’t made any progress. Playing the harder parts was much less fun and didn’t feel as good, but when I could make improvements and master a new part, it was way more rewarding than just playing something that was easy.   The only way to get better at something is to acknowledge and work through the parts that are weaker, that make us uncomfortable and that are hard. 

I think a large part of teaching is going through this process ourselves, constantly thinking about what our weaknesses are and what “hard parts” we can practice and improve upon.  However, it’s just as important that we guide our students through this process themselves.  They are just learning how to learn, and the best thing we can do is be understanding and accommodating whenever possible.  We want to build up students’ confidence and abilities so they confront challenges rather then shy away from them.  The best way to do this is to try to recognize and meet their needs before they have to ask for help and before it becomes too difficult and discouraging. 

I realize now that there are lots of ways to build accommodations into a lesson and make small adaptations that to not take away from the classroom environment.  The idea is to have supports available so that students can be successful independently.  There is no such thing as helping a student too much, as long as the scaffolds are gradually removed and monitoring takes place during that process.

Have the right supports in place is just as important as monitoring progress, and that’s where assessment comes in.  The more you are constantly taking small assessments of where a student is, the better informed instruction will be and the better students will perform on later assessments.  Assessments are an incredible tool, and when crafted and used correctly, benefits students more than they realize.  Maybe we should help them realize it.

       Every kid deserves to know what it feels like to ace a test.  It’s not the feeling of actually acing the text that is so awesome, but it’s knowing that your hard work and effort has paid off.  Putting the right supports in place and using authentic measures of their skills will help a child to focus their efforts in a way that will pay off for them on a test.  Of course it’s easier said then done, but I don’t believe that teaching is supposed to be easy.  Teaching is about working through what’s hard to feel the ultimate reward of a job well done.

      I’ve learned there are so many resources available that can be really informative and helpful and that even if I don’t agree with what others are putting out there, learning what the viewpoints of other teachers and parents is valuable information. Teaching doesn’t take place in a vacuum and technology is a very real part of education. Learning to interact with technology to further my own education is something I will definitely take with me and hopefully continue to build upon during my time as a student and a teacher.

      Creating my personal learning environment seems to be a great way to work towards my goal of being a life long learner.  I plan on definitely using this technology in the future, and exploring other professionals’ blogs for ideas. The feeling I’ve developed from writing this blog posts is a feeling I hope to instill in my students some day – that they have the power to take responsibility over their own education and the power to create new ideas through their writing.  Writing is such an important piece of expressing and developing thoughts and ideas and this blog was a great way to do just that.  I’ve become more comfortable with asking and answering my own questions and realizing it’s ok not to have an exact answer.


The more I learn, the more I feel like I have yet to learn. However, I believe my personal learning environment that I have created here is a great foundation for further learning and exploring.  I feel like I’ve been able to take the expanse of the world wide web and narrow down a few useful areas, and that there is still so much more to be explored.  I’m glad to have my writing stored here for future reference and excited to see where my writing takes me.

Wednesday, April 19, 2017

3 Formats for Formative Assessment in Inclusive Classrooms

This week I used Google Scholar to find an article about inclusive classroom assessment. After searching through recent journal articles that were fully available online, I found one that stood out to me: “Formative Assessment Made Easy: Templates for Collecting Daily Data in Inclusive Classroomrs” by Kyena E. Cornelius (doctoral candidate, Department of Special Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.), published in October 13, 2014.  I accessed it on SAGE Journals, on April 19, 2017.

As I work towards my teaching certification, one aspect I have been considering is exactly how I am going to take data for each student everyday in a meaningful way, without making extra work for myself.  I don’t want to cut corners, but I also want to make sure I am making the best use of my time.  I can see how this is just as important in an inclusive classroom, for helping students make progress towards their IEP goals.

The argument could be made that formative assessment should drive instruction.  Research cited in the article I read mentioned that formative assessment increases outcomes for various sub groups of students, including those with learning differences.  The research also mentions that formative assessment “enriches learning and promotes deeper understanding of core content.”

Teachers should be focused on gearing instruction towards students needs, which is what formative assessment should be measuring. 

The research also mentions that this formative assessment should be taking place daily in the classroom, but without reliable and valid assessments, a lot of effort could be wasted.

The article provides three formats for collecting student data:

1.     Anecdotal Seating Chart
2.     Daily Scorecard
3.     Objectives Grid

It’s suggested that each tool should be created by the teacher and kept on a clipboard.

I really like this idea.  Last week I presented one of my first lessons in another class, and although the lesson went really well, I felt like I didn’t have a lot to do while the “students” were working.  Of course, the students were adults so they didn’t need much help.  That aside, it made me realize that I had planned the lesson well enough that it allowed me to do some observing as a teacher, and that would have been a great time to be taking data and notes while the students worked. The article also brings up the point of how to manage collecting data with a co-teacher, which is a great point.  While one teacher is asking a question to the class, the other can quickly jot down some notes.

The anecdotal seating chart (figure 1) is my favorite because it seems to be the easiest, fastest and most flexible option.  I can definitely see myself using this method of formative assessment in the future.  I think it would also be useful for recording other important information that might be important, like attendance or if a student leaves early.  Notes can also be taken about grouping configurations, how students converse and the ways they work together.  This way the information is also easily accessed and referenced. 

Figure 1:
 

The second format, daily scorecard (figure 2), appears more structured but also very helpful.  Having the columns labeled in such a way is a great way to take more specific notes and also record what a student may have missed or needs more help with. This format is also conducive for recording more objective data.

Figure 2:
 


The third format, the objectives grid (figure 3) is even more detailed, specific and data driven.  I can see how when used all together, these three formats are relatively easy and very effective. This seems best for recording progress on students’ specific goals.


Figure 3:



I would be curious to see actual data on how using these templates to inform instruction impact students performance in an inclusive classroom.